Crowds gather atop the ruins of residential buildings as search and rescue teams continue efforts in Gaza, on Saturday.
International pressure has been building on Israel over its new military offensive in Gaza that has left hundreds dead in just the last few days.
The leaders of the United Kingdom, France, and Canada threatened to take “concrete actions” on Monday, including targeted sanctions, if Israel does not stop its renewed military offensive and continues to block aid from entering Gaza.
Israel launched a new devastating ground offensive in Gaza over the weekend just as US President Donald Trump departed the region without sealing a ceasefire and hostage deal.
The Israeli military said its forces moved into northern and southern Gaza over the past day as part of the “Gideon’s Chariots” operation, which Israel warned would take place if Hamas doesn’t agree to a new hostage deal on its terms.
The ground operation came after days of heavy airstrikes on the Gaza Strip, which according to health authorities there have wiped out entire families.
Israel has said it will allow a “basic amount of food” into the besieged enclave, a move which Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu hinted was due to intense pressure from allies, and on Monday the Israeli agency that approves aid shipments into Gaza said five trucks had entered the enclave. However, UN aid chief Tom Fletcher described the delivery as “limited” and a “drop in the ocean of what is urgently needed.”
The latest developments come after Hamas and Israel began indirect talks in the Qatari capital Doha on Saturday.
Here’s what we know about Israel’s new offensive and what it means for Gazans.
What is Israel’s new operation in Gaza?
Israel’s Security Cabinet approved the new military offensive in Gaza on May 5. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) later said the aim of the operation was to achieve “all the goals of the war in Gaza,” including defeating Hamas and securing the release of remaining hostages in the territory.
On Monday, Netanyahu said that Israel plans to “take control of the entire Gaza Strip.”
The warring parties failed to reach a deal during Trump’s visit last week, and Israel pressed on with its operation over the weekend. This began with a series of intense airstrikes last week and was followed by an expanded ground offensive on Sunday.
The Israeli military said Sunday that over the past week, it struck more than 670 “Hamas targets” in a wave of preliminary airstrikes across the enclave.
Early Monday morning, Israeli forces struck the medical supplies warehouse of the Nasser Medical Complex in southern Gaza’s Khan Younis neighborhood, damaging some of the medical supplies that had been provided to the center by Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP), according to the UK-based organization.
Health officials in Gaza said on Monday that the operation had killed at least 136 people over the past 24 hours, and shuttered the last functioning hospital in the enclave’s north. Entire families were killed while sleeping, according to the Palestinian Ministry of Health.
More than 400 people have been killed and over 1,000 others injured since Thursday, according to a CNN count of health ministry data.
More than 53,000 people have been killed in Gaza since Israel began its war on October 7, 2023, according to the ministry, which added that the majority of the dead are women and children.
Large swaths of Gaza are no-go zones
Around 71% of the Gaza Strip has been designated as an Israeli-militarized zone or placed under evacuation orders since the end of the ceasefire on March 18. Since fighting restarted, an estimated 436,000 people have been displaced inside the territory.
What’s happening with Gaza aid?
On Sunday, the Israeli Prime Minister’s Office said that due to the “operational need,” Israel will allow a “basic amount of food” to enter Gaza to prevent famine in the enclave, which Israel says would jeopardize its military operation.
Netanyahu has also hinted that his country could lose the support of its closest allies, including the United States, if it doesn’t lift its 11-week blockade on the territory, which has further exacerbated a humanitarian crisis on the ground that aid agencies have said could lead to widespread famine.
The United Nations had warned that Gaza’s entire population of over 2.1 million people is facing a risk of famine following 19 months of conflict and mass displacement.
The leaders of the United Kingdom, France, and Canada have called on the Israeli government to stop its military operations in Gaza and allow the entry of humanitarian aid.
“If Israel does not cease the renewed military offensive and lift its restrictions on humanitarian aid, we will take further concrete actions in response,” a joint statement from the leaders read.
Those actions could include targeted sanctions, they warned.
Netanyahu responded by accusing the leaders of “offering a huge prize” to the Hamas fighters who attacked Israel on October 7 and “inviting more such atrocities” to follow.
In a separate joint statement, foreign ministers from 23 countries, including France, Germany, Italy and the UK, and EU representatives urged Israel to allow “a full resumption” of aid into Gaza immediately and to enable the UN and humanitarian organizations “to work independently and impartially to save lives.”
“Whilst we acknowledge indications of a limited restart of aid, Israel blocked humanitarian aid entering Gaza for over two months. Food, medicines and essential supplies are exhausted. The population faces starvation. Gaza’s people must receive the aid they desperately need,” the joint statement Monday said.
Earlier Monday, Netanyahu had conceded that if “a situation of famine” arose in Gaza, Israel “simply won’t receive international support.”
“Even our closest allies in the world – US senators I know personally and who have been staunch, unconditional supporters of Israel for decades – are coming to me and saying: ‘We are giving you all the support to achieve victory – weapons, support for your efforts to eliminate Hamas, protection at the UN Security Council – but there’s one thing we cannot accept: images of mass starvation… If that happens, we won’t be able to support you anymore,’” Netanyahu said in an address posted to Telegram.
Netanyahu’s explanations were largely aimed at mollifying his right-wing supporters who adamantly oppose the entry of any humanitarian aid to Gaza, including to civilians.
Asked when aid will start entering into the enclave, Netanyahu’s office said “it will happen in the near future.”
Almost half a million people in Gaza are projected to be facing starvation
Israel’s humanitarian blockade on Gaza since March 2 has intensified the food crisis in the strip, with the entire 2.1 million population experiencing high levels of food insecurity, including 469,500 people at risk of starvation, according to a projection by the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification.
A controversial American-backed organization, Gaza Humanitarian Foundation (GHF), tasked with delivering aid to the territory, welcomed the Israeli announcement about allowing food aid as a “bridging mechanism” until the group is fully operational.
The foundation is meant to run a new, tightly controlled mechanism for aid deliveries that has been approved by Israel and the US, which both countries say is designed to prevent Hamas from “stealing” aid.
Given that the initial sites would only be in southern and central Gaza, the UN warned, this could be seen to be encouraging Israel’s publicly stated goal of forcing “the entire Gazan population” out of northern Gaza, as Defense Minister Israel Katz put it earlier this month.
Jake Wood, the foundation’s executive director, said Israel has also agreed to allow it to establish two sites in northern Gaza, which he believes can be up and running within the first 30 days of its operations.
Wood told CNN that he did not yet know when or how many aid trucks Israel would allow into Gaza and said he believes much of the humanitarian community’s opposition to the mechanism is based on misinformation.
How have others reacted?
Rights advocates say the US and Israeli-backed plan would militarize aid, endanger civilian lives and encourage their forced displacement.
On Monday, the UN’s children’s agency’s top chief described the new GHF mechanism as “unworkable,” saying the scheme would “weaponize humanitarian aid for children and women.”
“Israel as the occupying power, has a legal responsibility actually to provide aid,” James Elder told CNN’s Becky Anderson on Connect the World. “Despite more aid workers being killed than any other conflict… brave people are ready to do that job. They need to be allowed to do it.”
It came after the UN’s aid chief, Tom Fletcher, insisted there’s no need for an alternative Gaza aid plan. “Let’s not waste time: We already have a plan,” he said on Friday.
In one of the strongest condemnations of Israel’s war by a high-ranking UN official, Fletcher said the international community must prevent “genocide” in the enclave. “Will you act – decisively – to prevent genocide and to ensure respect for international humanitarian law? Or will you say instead, ‘we did all we could?’” he told the UN Security Council.
What is Trump saying?
Trump visited Gulf Arab states last week, including Qatar, where his negotiating team was engaged in ceasefire and hostage talks.
The president said this month that he wanted an end to the “brutal war” in Gaza and did not visit Israel during his tour of the region, which he had already twice bypassed this month in reaching bilateral deals with regional militant groups.
On Wednesday, Trump denied that Israel had been sidelined. “This is good for Israel,” he said. But on Thursday, he said he wanted the US to “take” Gaza and turn it into a “freedom zone.”
He also told Fox News on Saturday that he is not frustrated with Netanyahu, as the Israeli prime minister has got “a tough situation.” While in the Gulf, Trump also acknowledged that people are starving in Gaza and said the US would have the situation “taken care of.”
On Sunday, US Special Envoy Steve Witkoff told ABC News that the issue with getting aid into Gaza is primarily logistical. “It is logistically complicated and the conditions on the ground are dangerous,” he said.
Where does this leave talks?
Israeli Defense Minister Katz said Saturday that the new military operation in Gaza is what pressured Hamas to return to negotiations in Qatar last week. But analysts and officials say it’s more likely that the militant group agreed to restart the talks following Trump’s Middle East visit.
Senior Hamas official Taher Al-Nunu confirmed Saturday that “negotiations without preconditions” had started in Doha, according to Hamas-run al Aqsa TV.
It is unclear how well the discussions are progressing in Doha. Israel on Sunday indicated its openness to ending the war in Gaza if Hamas surrenders, a proposition the group is unlikely to accept as long as Israel continues to insist on Hamas disarming.
Meanwhile, Hamas officials have given conflicting comments about the talks.
Earlier on Sunday, a senior Hamas leader told CNN that the group had agreed to release between seven and nine Israeli hostages in exchange for a 60-day ceasefire and the release of 300 Palestinian prisoners and detainees.
